Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of encounters?

The correct answer identifies surveillance as not being one of the three types of encounters typically outlined in law enforcement or investigative contexts. In this framework, encounters are generally categorized into consensual encounters, detentions, and arrests.

A consensual encounter occurs when a law enforcement officer engages with an individual without any form of coercion, and the individual is free to leave at any time. This type of encounter is characterized by the lack of obligation for the person to respond to the officer.

Detention refers to a situation where an officer has a reasonable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity, allowing the officer to stop and briefly detain the individual for questioning. During a detention, the individual's freedom to leave is limited but not as restricted as in an arrest.

An arrest signifies a more severe legal action where an officer has probable cause to believe an individual has committed a crime, resulting in the person being taken into custody. This involves a formal process and the individual is typically not free to leave.

Surveillance, however, is a method of observing an individual or group for the purpose of gathering information or evidence, and it does not fall under the same category of encounters. Surveillance may lead to any of the three encounters listed, but it itself is not